At present, the development of circular economy "has become the mainstream of world economic development. "Circular economy" as the core of an efficient use of resources and recycling, low consumption, low emissions, high efficiency of the basic signs, in line with the concept of sustainable development, economic growth mode, "mass production, mass consumption, a lot of gas, "the traditional model of the fundamental changes [1-5].

Material as the basis of economic development and pilot, brought great wealth for the community. However, from the analysis of resources, energy and environmental point of view, material extraction, production, use and disposal process is a continuous process of consumption and destruction of human beings living space. With the enhancement of environmental awareness and sustainable development concept is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, the world has been gradually legislation requires the manufacturer of the product is responsible for the environmental impact of the entire life cycle of the product, consumers are increasingly favored environmental protection and good green products. The welding industry is facing the same problem. Welding is a traditional industry, but after the transformation and upgrading of the modern high-tech, is toward the direction of efficient, automated, intelligent, energy-saving, environment-friendly welding development.

Welding has been one of the industry pollution emissions, so effective in improving the welders working conditions, to reduce soot has become the important issues facing workers welding. In response to this issue, the industrial countries have begun to study the environmental load of welding materials and welding products life cycle environmental impact, and to start a new generation of low toxicity, low-smoke environment for harmonious development of Welding Materials.

For a new generation of low toxicity, low-smoke environment-welding materials, is now gradually environmental load assessment the Ingredients and accessories of welding materials, in order to get a variety of accessories, environmental impact factors, as guiding environmental coordination type welding materials research. Preliminary assessment in this only for welding core and several accessories.

1 Rod environmental load evaluation method

The production process of the electrode is related to many of the data associated with the chemical, physical variables. Although these data reflect the damage of the electrode production process of the state of the environment, but they are dimensionless is of the same difficult normalized and mutually compare the degree of damage on the environment, and thus difficult to accurately understand Electrode environmental load. Clearly, research workers, demand and hope electrode specific environmental load and quantitative, so as to waste generated in the production process of the welding rod, such as gas, dust and other compliance with environmental standards and have a general understanding. Should be carried out according to every detail, a relatively large environmental load link analysis and improvement, to reduce its environmental load.

1.1 determine the assessment objectives and scope

Analysis or evaluation objectives and scope and exact analysis or assessment products object determines the direction and depth of the analysis or evaluation. It to determine the contents include: evaluation of the purpose and scope of data types and collection methods, the boundary of the entire system, evaluation method. In this paper, the main electrode parts add materials such as steel core, marble powder, mica flakes, the long powder and fluorite powder in made the environment before the     Welding Rod load, ie the environmental load of raw materials.

1.2 data collection

In order to truly reflect the impact of specific products on the environment, must be a large number of the collection of relevant data. The only detailed and reliable data on the basis of the specific circumstances of the data, the choice of the appropriate assessment model, the assessment results to reflect the true situation. The various stages of the various input and output list are listed in detail according to the data collected and analyzed, and to prepare for the next phase of the evaluation of the influence of various factors on the target performance analysis.

1.3 Environmental Impact factor determining

Environmental load assessment, environmental impact factor is the most basic part of the evaluation of the load, is the environmental load assessment calculation and evaluation of the environmental impact factor. For the environmental impact factors are discussed in this paper, the environmental impact of waste factor. Waste environmental impact factor in the production of each material will emit a variety of waste have a direct or indirect impact on the environment, including waste water, waste gas, waste and other basic. Refinement and classification of each waste, the environmental impact of many substances, including each of the substances comes down as a waste environmental impact factor.

1.4 environmental factor data processing

For the processing of the environmental factors, first of all to the environmental impact of the dimensionless factor into the non-dimensional data, unifying the various units of varying environmental impact factor units, which can be seen the impact factor in the whole production process. affect the amplitude of the environmental load, and can also be seen in the material of a single production process all the environmental impact factors affect the amplitude of the load on the environment.

Selection and determination of 1.5 weight coefficient

In the entire production process, each of the waste environment impact factor the impact of the external environment are not the same, and some trace will cause greater environmental impact, while others are just the opposite. Leads to a weight coefficient to nominal size of each of the impact of factors on the extent of the environmental impact from the grasp of the overall situation, the overall measure, to measure each of the impact factor of the degree of harm. These weighting coefficients are not out of thin air, the weighting coefficients determined to ensure the scientific, reasonable, the operability and simplistic. The determination of the weight coefficients are generally divided into / situations: statistical weight coefficient; expert weight coefficient; equivalent weight coefficient.

1.6 model

Raw materials to assess the environmental load evaluation model of the application of non-continuous function. The superimposed assessment model formula for non-continuous function ELV = Σ {ELV (n)}.

The the superimposed type assessment model for each environmental impact factor of the right of re-coefficient math superimposed. This mathematical model is characterized by a simple, direct, and algorithms for the calculation process and results are more intuitive. The disadvantage is that the algorithm is simple, there is a deviation from the phenomenon. However, this model requires data collection is not very complicated, and the actual data collection, the study calculated mainly using this model.

1.7 Data results analysis

In the collection of material data, the application environment load evaluation method, the obtained data of the environmental factors, according to the specific numerical values, according to a certain range by an integer represents the magnitude of its impact on the environment. Then impact the magnitude and weight coefficients of various substances in each stage of a matrix with its summary, obtained the total environmental impact of value. The higher the value, the greater its impact on the environment, should the stages rational analysis and improvement, in order to achieve the purpose of reducing the environmental load.

Safety and Protection Technology

SMAW operation, you must pay attention to safety and protection, safety and protection technology to prevent electric shock, arc radiation, fire, explosion and toxic gas and smoke poisoning.

prevent electric shock

The SMAW grid voltage and welder output voltage as well as mobile lighting voltage and so there is a danger. Therefore, to prevent electric shock measures taken. Or access to zero. The good welding cables and welding tongs insulation, if damaged, must be promptly repaired. The SMAW, wear insulated shoes wearing welding gloves. Welding boilers, pressure vessels, piping, narrow wet ditch, there must be insulated pad, and someone outside the guardianship. The use of portable lights, the voltage does not exceed the safe voltage 36V, high-altitude operations does not exceed 12V. Aerial work near high-voltage lines 5m or from the low-pressure line 2.5m within job must be power outages, and warning signs hung gates, Let guardianship. Someone in case of an electric shock, quickly cut off the power, and timely rescue.

prevent arc radiation

The strong arc welding arc and ultraviolet damage to the eyes and skin. SMAW, you must use a mask with a piece of arc welding goggles, wearing overalls and wearing welding gloves. Multiplayer welding operation, pay attention to avoid mutual influence, should set the arc shield or take other measures to avoid cross-arc radiation.
Isolated from Mars. More than six strong winds, did not take effective security measures can not be open-air welding operations and aerial work, welding near the job site should fire facilities. Welding Materials work is completed should wind up, and clean up the site in a timely manner, the complete elimination of the fire.

prevent fires

In welding operations the ignition source lOm within the organic dust, wood, sawdust, cotton yarn, cotton yarn, straw, hay, oil, gasoline, paint and other flammable items should be thoroughly cleared below the altitude operations and welding Mars reach. Flammable substances, if any, can not be evacuated, such as wood, insulation not removed combustible materials, reliable safety measures should be taken, such as water jet wet covering wet sacks, asbestos cloth, and so on.

prevent explosion

Explosive materials in the Welding Wire Chinaoperation point lOm less, shall, in the explosive mixture of gas depots, oil room, acetylene plant, spray booth indoor, non-welding operations. Without special measures, can not be welded to the inner pressure of the pressure vessel and piping. Carrying loaded containers of inflammable and explosive materials before welding To costumes articles exhausted, and water, water vapor or nitrogen replacement, clean test analysis of the concentration of the gas medium: explosimeter and other instruments; welding operations To open the flap, operating personnel have to hide away from the container orifice.

prevent toxic gases and smoke poisoning

SMAW will produce soluble fluoride, hydrogen fluoride, manganese, nitrogen oxides and other toxic gases and dust, will lead to a fluorine poisoning, manganese poisoning, welded pneumoconiosis, etc., especially alkaline electrode in the container, the internal pipe welding worse. Therefore, according to the specific circumstances to take a comprehensive ventilation, local exhaust ventilation, small welding smoke unit ventilation exhaust soot measures.