Vehicle impact damage, sheet metal repair work will be started. From injury after the car accident into plants to diagnostic measurements of the sheet metal

Local stretching correction on the operating table to the welder Gao hammer under renovation, debugging from sheet metal, refitted to the vehicle in the process

Types of professional and technical personnel to use range of different forms of equipment, tools such as Auto Collision Repair, electronic measuring systems, sheet metal repair machines, welding machines

And a variety of grinding cutting tools, a variety of test and maintenance to ensure that the vehicle back to the original car in the geometric dimensions and the use of performance

Level. The topic will be the special of the car accident repair process of the main line, item by item analysis and explore our in-depth understanding of automotive sheet metal repair process

And modern vehicle repair equipment in a car accident repairs.

1, injury diagnosis

Damage diagnosis is the first step in the important work of the sheet metal repair, you need to do a good job in every one of the following links, according to the basic steps of vehicle damage diagnosis

Diagnostic testing.

(1) to understand auto body materials, structure and frame welding process

To select the appropriate sheet metal repair, you must understand the body of the material and frame welding process (Figure 1, Figure 2). Hyundai and traditional steam

Car body manufacturing materials, frame welding process on the difference, resulting in maintenance mode has changed. For example, the car rack body

Made from low carbon steel or carbon steel during welding and cutting when using the pneumatic body saw, if you use the traditional oxygen-acetylene cutting is the car

Body caused major damage. Modern integral body frame usually ultra-high strength steel (UHSS) or high-strength steel (HSS) or high-strength low-alloy steel

(HSLA) or alloys (such as aluminum) made of inert gas welding or electronic spot welder, welding must be used in the repair of structural components.

In addition, the change of plate thickness and different body material alloy composition, the selection of the welding and related technical parameters will vary

, Which need to be familiar with the material of the body so that reasonable maintenance. Car collision damage, must be full-stretch correction

Try not to use the heating means to prevent the metal internal structure changes, resulting in strength reduction, making the car again collision can not effectively protect

Passengers.

From the frame welding process in terms of the modern body repair general welding, pressure welding and bonding, and the past in the body repair

Accounting for the dominant position of the Welding Electrodes arc welding and oxygen - acetylene gas welding in the repair of the modern body will be used with caution. Stainless Steel Electrodearc welding is used only for car rack body

And low-carbon steel body repair; oxygen - acetylene gas welding, pressure resistance welding and bonding only in some special process. New aluminum cars

Body repair welding require special welding process. The different structures of the body beam welding process. During the body sheet metal welding

Maintenance, will not lower the body of the original strength and durability of the best welding method, you need to be familiar with the original car used in the various parts of the welders

Arts.

(2) detection of damage situation

Visually the location of the collision in the process of detection of damage to determine the collision direction and the size of the impact force, and check for possible damage. To

Vehicles damaged in the accident (Figure 3), vehicle speed and crash or roll-over accident site, the direction and angle should be asked to understand the impact, steam

Impact form of vehicle, location and angle to the intuitive method to determine the site of the collision damage, and may spread to the area. Also combined with test

Cars and measuring instruments on the car to conduct a comprehensive inspection to confirm that the underbody is deformed, the body by the overall damage and overall skew, inspection and

Make sure the door open freely to determine the extent of damage and repair of the car.

(3) to determine the site of injury

The impact of vehicles is not only the appearance of the damage, vehicle impact damage, directly see the appearance of the injury, and even insurance

To assess the damage often only assess the damaged parts.

In fact, now the car body design most rigid-flexible combination of design principles (Figure 4), the use of absorption decomposition theory to cushion the impact force

To ensure the greatest degree of safety of passengers, so when the vehicle is the impact not only hit parts of the deformation damage, and many of its entire body, such as

Beam, suspension and engine parts could result in deformation. Sometimes, some front of the vehicle by the impact, has been tested and found the back of deformation

. In such cases, if in the sheet metal repair, simply fix the crash site, it must be the vehicle to bring the hidden. Because

Vehicle damage need to observe the body damaged condition, when the body how to figure out the collision force, the force is passed along the body, the loss

Parts of the injury site and the relevant regional in-depth analysis, scientific diagnosis, to determine the site of injury. The detection process along the

Collision course system checks all injury related components until there is no damage to the injury marks and the surrounding area.

(4) to measure the use of tools and equipment on the site of injury

 â‘  Overhauling

 Equipment (Figure 5) were detected on the site of injury, measurements need to combine with the demolition work, otherwise it would not be able to accurately identify

Injuries. In order to facilitate maintenance operations and thorough examination of injury of the body, while avoiding the maintenance operations to be demolished causing unnecessary damage

. The demolition of the components. The principle of demolition is to minimize the damage and destruction of parts of the method of demolition with a wrench, but also

The drill, saw, chisel and gas cutting tools can be used according to the actual situation.

 â‘¡ the importance of measurement

Accurate measurement is one of the procedures necessary to successfully complete a variety of collision repair. Integral body measurements for successful damage repair

More important, because the steering system and suspension most of the assembly to the vehicle body, and some suspension design is based on assembly requirements. Automotive kingpin inclination and

The camber is a fixed (non-adjusted) value, so that the body damage will seriously affect the suspension structure. Rack and pinion steering gear through

Often fitted to the steel frame to form a steering arm fixed contact, engine, transmission and differential is also assembled in the body component or vehicle

Body components support bracket (steel or overall steel beams). Deformation of all these components will cause the steering gear or suspension deformation, or mechanical component fault

, Resulting in the failure of steering operation, powertrain vibration and noise, the connecting rod ends, tires, rack and pinion, commonly used connectors, or other steering

Of excessive wear. Therefore, in order to ensure the car steering and manipulation of the driving performance. The key processing size tolerances must be controlled within the allowable

Scope.

 â‘¢ measurement methods

 Dismantling after the measurement is a necessary precondition for the diagnosed condition "and" operation ". The details of the damage can be used relative body of the vehicle body size map

The specific point of measurement estimation, which has become a widely used method. Body size values ​​in the Figure is the diagonal measurement.

Derived. Measurement points and measurement tolerances to determine by inspection of the damaged area. Generally caused a slight sagging of the door front-end collision, the damage

Does not extend across the center of the car, and therefore the measurement of the rear do not have much need. More serious collision occurred, the need for a large number of

Measurement to ensure that appropriate adjustments in order. However, a large number of measurement records may also cause unnecessary confusion. The entire repair process,

On the traditional rack car body car or a whole-body car, the measurement is very important. Must be wounded on all parts of the main processing

Control point to control the manufacturers instructions for the review, will be impossible to car repair satisfactorily. To achieve this, the sheet metal technician will

It should be noted: a accurate measurement; b multiple measurements; re-verify all measurements.

Damaged vehicles to be measured (Figure 6), pay attention to the use of advanced measurement systems to improve work efficiency. In the process of deformation detection of the car accident,

Only experienced and professional technicians can only be based on the size of the accident, the site of impact, an accurate analysis of vehicle damage, and then by a professional sheet metal technology

Teacher use of modern precision measuring equipment of the vehicle to a comprehensive and rigorous to detect (Figure 7), their test results must be provided by the manufacturer chassis body

The data graph comparison, in order to determine a reasonable rehabilitation program.

(4) measurement of body data the role of

 Professional technicians have a wealth of accident experience in car repair, but if he can not grasp the accurate data before and after the deformation of the vehicle, it is difficult to quasi-

Indeed to develop a rehabilitation program, so the car accident, professional testing and accurate data when the enable professional technicians targeted. Large from the body

Beam alignment parameters in terms of various models of the data parameter is the basis of the repair work, measuring, positioning, stretching and testing are in the original car

Carried out on the basis of the data parameters, there is no body beam positioning parameters, you can not do repair work. Body design and manufacturing, is the car

keywords:mig electrode

Hardfacing electrodes: D107 D112 surfacing electrode surfacing electrode D127 D172 surfacing, surfacing electrode surfacing electrode D156 D146 surfacing electrode surfacing electrode in D132 D167 surfacing electrode electrode D207 surfacing electrode D212 surfacing electrode D227 surfacing electrode D237 surfacing electrode D256 D246 surfacing electrode surfacing electrode D276 D266 surfacing electrode surfacing electrode D307 surfacing electrode D317A surfacing electrode D322 surfacing electrode D327A surfacing electrode the mold of surfacing electrode D386 D397 surfacing, surfacing electrode electrode D406 heap D507 surfacing welding rod, welding electrode D417 surfacing electrode D507Mo surfacing electrode D512 surfacing electrode D516M surfacing the electrode D516MA surfacing electrode D517 surfacing electrode D547Mo surfacing electrode D557 surfacing electrode D577 surfacing electrode D608 surfacing electrode D618 surfacing electrode D628 surfacing electrode D632 surfacing electrode D638 surfacing electrode D646 D642 surfacing electrode surfacing electrode D658 surfacing electrode D667 surfacing electrode D687 surfacing electrode D688 surfacing electrode D698 surfacing electrode D707 surfacing electrode the D707A surfacing electrode D708A heap D58 Surfacing electrode Welding Electrode  D802 D842 cobalt-based, cobalt based hardfacing electrode D812 cobalt-based hardfacing electrode D822 cobalt-based hardfacing electrode surfacing electrode welding electrode D900 surfacing electrode G207D surfacing electrode welding electrode D856
 
    Cast iron welding rod: cast iron electrode Z116 Z117 cast iron electrode cast iron electrode of Z208 cast iron electrode Z248 Z308 cast iron electrode Z408 cast iron electrode Z508 cast iron electrode
 
    Nickel and nickel alloy welding rod: the Ni102 nickel electrode the Ni202 nickel electrode the Ni207 nickel electrode the Ni307 nickel electrode the Ni317 nickel electrode the Ni327 nickel electrode the Ni337 nickel electrode the Ni347 nickel electrode the Ni357 nickel electrode Ni307B nickel electrode TH103 nickel electrode TH105 nickel electrode

    Nickel and nickel alloy wire: ERNi-1 pure nickel wire ERNiCr-nickel chrome molybdenum wire ERNiCu-7 nickel-copper, nickel the wire ERNiFeCr-1 ferrochrome wire ERNiFeCr-2 ferro-nickel chromium wire

   The cobalt-based alloy wire: wire HS112, HS111 cobalt-based cobalt-based wire Co106 cobalt-based wire Secretary Starry cobalt-based electrode D802 D802 Stellite cobalt-based electrode

    Stainless Carbon Steel Electrode: the G202 chromium stainless steel, electrode G207 chromium stainless steel electrode G217 chromium stainless steel electrode G242 chromium stainless steel electrode G247 chromium stainless steel electrode G257 chromium stainless steel electrode G267 chromium stainless steel electrode G302 chromium stainless steel electrode G307 chromium stainless steel electrode G357 chrome stainless steel welding rod the G357M chrome stainless steel electrode G367 chromium stainless steel low carbon stainless steel electrode electrode 367M chromium stainless steel electrode G200 chromium stainless steel electrode M520B M831A M837A A002 A002 ultra-low carbon stainless steel the electrode A002Nb ultra-low carbon stainless steel electrode 347L low carbon stainless steel electrode A002 ultra-low carbon stainless steel electrode with ultra-low carbon 022L stainless steel electrode A032 super 2205 duplex stainless steel electrode 2594 duplex stainless steel welding rod of low carbon stainless steel electrode 2209-16 duplex stainless steel electrode 2553 duplex stainless steel electrode A042 ultra-low carbon stainless steel electrode A052 ultra-low carbon stainless steel electrode A062 ultra-low carbon stainless steel electrode 309L low carbon stainless steel electrode A212 stainless steel electrode of the A072 ultra-low carbon stainless steel electrode A082 ultra-low carbon stainless steel electrode A102 stainless steel electrode A102 stainless steel electrode A107 stainless steel electrode A132 stainless steel electrode A137 stainless steel electrode A146 A142 stainless steel electrode with stainless steel electrode A172 stainless steel electrode A202 stainless steel electrode A207 stainless steel electrode A222 stainless steel electrode A232 stainless steel A607 stainless steel electrode of the electrode A237 A432 stainless steel electrode of stainless steel electrode A242 stainless steel electrode A257 stainless steel electrode A302 stainless steel electrode A312, A307 stainless steel welding rod, stainless steel electrode A317 stainless steel electrode A402 stainless steel electrode A412, A407 stainless steel electrodes, stainless steel welding rod A422 stainless steel electrode A427 stainless steel electrode A502 stainless steel electrode A507 stainless steel electrode
 
 
    Molybdenum and chrome molybdenum steel electrode: R107 heat-resisting steel electrode R207 heat-resistant steel electrode R307 heat-resisting steel electrode R317 heat-resisting steel electrode R327 heat-resisting steel electrode R337 heat-resisting steel electrode R347 heat-resisting steel electrode R407 heat-resisting steel electrode R507 heat-resistant steel electrode R707 heat-resisting steel electrode R807 heat-resistant steel electrode R817 heat-resistant steel electrode the R307L heat steel electrode R407L R317L heat-resistant steel electrode heat-resisting steel electrode
 

    Japan's Kobelco welding rod LB-57 electrode | B-14 electrode | B-17 electrode | | LB-62 electrode | CMB-93 electrode | CMB-83 electrode | LB-26 electrode | L-60 electrode Name grades Model (AWS ) welding the CMA-96 E8016-B2 welding the CMA-96MB E8016-B2 welding the CMA-106 E9016-B3, welding the CMA-108 E9018-B3, welding NB-1 E8016-G welding NB-3N E7016-G welding LB-52 E7016: D5016 welding rod LB-52U E7016: D4316 welding KOBE7010S E7010-P1 welding electrode welding KOBE8010S E8010-P1 LB-62 E9016-G welding wire US-49 NC-38 E308-16 Welding Electrode NC -39 E309-16 Welding Electrode NC-36 E316-16 welding NC-37 E347-16 welding NC-37L E347L-16 wire the TGS-308 E308 wire the TGS-316 E316 electrode Name AWS models deposited metal chemical composition (% ) deposited metal mechanical performance characteristics and uses C Mn of Si of Cr of Ni other σ0.2 (MPa) δb (MPa) δ (%) IV (J) LB-52 E7016 0.08 0.94 0.60 - 500 570 32 0 ° C / 210 in the welding of mild steel and manufacturing of 50kgf class high strength steel vessels, pressure vessels, etc.. LB-57 E7016 0.08 0.85 0.64 - Mo: 0.17 530 610 31 0 ° C / 190 for 53kgf level of high-strength steel pressure vessels, bridges and other welded. LB-62UL E9016-G 0.07 1.13 0.63 - 0.65 Mo: 0.25 550 650 30 -20 ℃ / 160 is difficult to absorb moisture ultra-low hydrogen electrode for 55-60kgf high strength steel welding LB-82UL E11016-G 0.08 1.50 0.52 0.28 1.90 Mo: 0.43 710 820 25 -20 ° C / 110 is difficult to absorb moisture to ultra-low hydrogen electrode for 80kgf grade high strength steel welding. LB-52NS E7016-G 0.08 1.38 0.40 - 0.48 Ti: 0.023B: 0.0021 490 580 29 -60 ℃ / 130 excellent low temperature toughness, for the welding of LPG tank and cold regions offshore structures. NB-3N E7016-G 0.03 0.94 0.33 - 3.20 Mo: 0.27 460 550 32 -85 ℃ / 120-100 ° C / 100 for welding the ethylene production unit such as the use of 3.5% Ni steel. BL-96 E9016-G 0.07 1.25 0.54 - 0.39 Mo: 0.53 520 700 26 0 ° C / 150 for the Atomic Energy pressure vessel steel ASTM A302B A533BC1.1 such as welding. CMA-96 E8016-B2 0.07 0.81 0.43 1.31 - Mo: 0.54 570 650 26 0 ° C / 210 for the welding of oil refining equipment, power plants with 1.25% Cr-0.5Mo heat-resistant steel. CMA-106 E9016-B3 0.07 0.70 0.40 2.30 - Mo: 1.02 630 730 22 0 ° C / 120 oil refining equipment for welding, power plants with 2.25% Cr-1% Mo CM-9 E8016-B8 Proof of 0.07 0.60 0.40 9.48 - Mo: 1.15 510 680 26 0 ° C / 110 for welding of high temperature and high pressure boiler overheating effective 9% Cr-1% Mo heat resistant steel. The NIC-70S - 0.09 2.26 0.26 13.9 67.6 Mo3.7Nbl.7Fe9.8 430 680 41 -196 ℃ / 67 melt deposited metal Inconel electrode of the Department of 70Ni-15Cr-Mo-Nb, welding 9% Ni steel. The NIC-1S - 0.03 0.28 0.49 1.9 68.6 Mo18.6W2.9Fe6.8 440 730 48 -196 ℃ / 83 melt deposited metal E9016-70Ni-18Mo-Cr-W Department of Haas Troy welding rod, welding the CM-9CB G 0.06 1.51 0.31 9.11 0.94 Mo: 1.06 of Nb: 0.03 V: 0.18 600 750 26 0 ° C / 140 for welding temperature 600-650 of Cr9MoNiV (the T91, P91) heat-resistant steel, such as steam pipes and superheater tube and so on.

Corrosion-resistant steel; weathering steel and refractory steel electrode: steel special J350/J357 J507MoNb J507MoW J507CrNi J506CrNiCu J557NiMo ND electrode the JNS steel special the electrode CORTEN A steel special the electrode CORTEN B, steel special the electrode 08Cr2A1Mo steel electrode